Growing media for the plant tower: cubes, coco and net pots
What I start my seedlings in before they go into the tower, and why I use support rings instead of clay pebbles for heavy plants.
Growing media in the plant tower
The perfect foundation for your plants
The key to successful hydroponic growing lies in choosing the right growing medium. Especially in a plant tower, where the roots need a lot of oxygen and nutrients, growing media play a decisive role.
Choosing the right growing medium is an important factor for success in hydroponics. A good growing medium must stabilise the roots, ensure good aeration and provide efficient drainage. It should also be able to store water and nutrients and release them to the plants when needed.
Why the growing medium matters in hydroponics
In hydroponics the growing medium plays a central role, because it replaces soil and makes sure the plants get the best supply of water, nutrients and oxygen. A suitable medium encourages healthy root growth and prevents problems such as root rot or nutrient deficiency.
Key properties of a good growing medium
✓Good drainage: Excess water must be able to drain quickly to avoid root rot.
✓Air circulation: The roots must be well aerated to get enough oxygen.
✓Stability: The medium should give the plants a stable hold.
✓Nutrient storage: It should be able to store nutrients and release them to the roots as needed.
✓Reusability: Ideally the medium can be used several times without losing its properties.
In a plant tower there is one more point: the material must not change the pH value or release anything into the water, because the nutrient solution circulates past all the plants.
Why soil does not work: Soil can clog the pipes and pumps in a hydroponic system, leading to uneven water flow and possible system failures. Soil tends to compact, which restricts air circulation to the roots and can lead to a lack of oxygen. Soil can also contain pests and pathogens that quickly cause problems in a hydroponic environment.
Why soil does not belong in the tower
In the tower, water and nutrients circulate. Soil would clog the pump and the lines, compacts, lets hardly any air reach the roots and can bring in pests. The growing medium therefore has only one job: to hold the plant at the start until the roots grow into the water themselves.
Foam is the ideal growing medium for hydroponic systems, especially in plant towers. I have had the best experience with it, and for good reason:
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pH neutral
Foam does not affect the pH value of the nutrient solution, which makes it ideal for use in hydroponic systems.
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Space-saving
The thin foam mats fit easily into the plant tower openings and give enough hold without taking up too much space.
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Easy care
Before use, simply rinse the foam briefly, and after harvest it is easy to dispose of, ideal for a clean and quick harvest.
Foam mats give the plant roots a safe and stable base without restricting them. A big advantage is that foam stores only a little moisture and does not cause waterlogging; it guides the water straight to the roots.
Foam cubes: my first choice
For most plants I use foam cubes. They are cheap, clean and pH neutral, nothing dissolves out of them and they do not crumble into the system.
Rinse the mat in hot water first, then rinse it cold.
Only stand the cubes about one third deep in water.
In the propagation box, the cubes of a 25-cube mat keep each other moist.
Net pots, also called net baskets, are designed specifically for hydroponic growing and fit perfectly into the openings of my plant tower. They are permeable and give the roots the aeration they need for the plants to develop healthily.
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Root aeration
The open design ensures optimal air supply to the roots, which is important to prevent rot and encourage strong growth.
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Stability and hold
Combined with a support ring (formerly called a neoprene collar), the plants sit firmly in the plant tower, which helps stabilise them especially when roots grow larger.
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Reusable
Net pots can be cleaned after harvest and used again and again. A clear plus for your budget, and there is less waste!
Frank’s tip
A tip for anyone who wants to build the plant tower themselves: my net pots fit perfectly into the pre-made openings and sit securely. You can find the building instructions under Build your own hydro tower.
Net pots and propagation station
In the propagation station, each cube sits in its own net pot. A plate with openings stops the pots from floating. I only lower the water once 2 to 3 centimetres of roots stick out at the bottom. After that about 1 centimetre of air remains, and after transplanting the pot dips in by half a centimetre at most. The air stone runs day and night in the station.
The advantage of the station: you do not have to prick out. In return it needs about three times as much space as the propagation box.
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net pots
Fits my plant towers and the propagation station, with optional support rings.
🥥Coco fibre: natural water storage for leafy greens
Coco fibre is a natural choice made from coconut husks. It works for leafy greens such as lettuce and spinach, but I mainly use it to start tomatoes, peppers and cucumbers. The fibres hold water well. They bring hardly any nutrients; in hydroponics those come from the nutrient solution.
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Water storage
Coco fibre stores water and releases it slowly to the roots, perfect for plants that need an even supply.
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Micronutrients
The fibres supply hardly any micronutrients. Unbuffered coco can even bind calcium and magnesium and release potassium and sodium, so use buffered coco and rinse it well.
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Natural raw material
Coco fibre is a natural product made from coconut husks and a natural alternative to synthetic growing media.
Coco fibre works well in net pots. It only goes into the plant tower when well rinsed, because leftovers clog the pump. For beginners, foam cubes are the easier choice.
Coco: ideal for tomatoes and peppers
To start tomatoes, peppers and cucumbers I like to use coco, because it rinses off easily. I sow tomatoes directly into a 5 centimetre net pot with coco. At 6 to 7 centimetres I rinse the roots with water at about 20 degrees and put them into the propagation station with a support ring.
The downsides: coco needs more space, crumbles, can attract fungus gnats and leftovers can clog the pump. So rinse it well before it goes into the tower.
🌱EasyPlugs: ideal for starting seedlings for the plant tower
EasyPlugs are small seed-starting plugs that are perfect for germinating and raising young plants for the plant tower. They store water especially well, which makes care easier in the first growth phase, and give the young plants a stable structure.
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Simple to handle
EasyPlugs are easy to use and ideal for beginners.
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Good water storage
The plugs keep the young plants constantly moist without overwatering them.
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Perfect fit
The plugs fit exactly into the net pots and go with them into the plant tower. Seed plugs can crumble a little in the system.
EasyPlugs are seed plugs made from pressed, bound material. They are a good choice if you do not want to use foam. Keep them moist but not wet, and like the cubes, only stand them about one third deep in water.
⚪Perlite: for excellent drainage
Perlite is a light, porous material that supports drainage and aeration in your plant tower. Perlite is a good choice especially for plants with demanding root systems.
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Airy structure
Perlite allows excellent air circulation at the roots.
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Excellent drainage
The material lets excess water drain away and so prevents root rot.
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Combinable
You can combine perlite well with other growing media such as coco fibre to use the advantages of both.
Perlite is expanded volcanic rock, pH neutral and releases nothing into the water. But it is so light that it floats. So it does not belong loose in the tower, where it would be washed out and end up in the pump. It works best mixed into coco in the net pot, about one part perlite to three parts coco. It gets dusty when you transfer it, so moisten it first.
My book
Step by step into hydroponics
168 pages, simply explained for beginners and with videos on the topics (in German). Exactly how I grow myself: from sowing to harvest.
Rockwool is made from molten basalt rock that is spun into fine fibres and formed into blocks or cubes. It is known for its excellent air and water handling.
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Excellent drainage
The fibrous structure lets excess water drain away quickly.
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Stable structure
Provides a firm and stable base for plants, especially large and heavy ones.
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Reusable
In professional growing it can be reused after steaming or thorough cleaning; at home you usually use it only once.
Important note: Untreated rockwool can raise the pH value. It must therefore be rinsed thoroughly before use and soaked in water with a pH of about 5.5 to avoid problems with nutrient uptake. Wear protective clothing and a mask when handling it.
My experience
Rockwool is often used in professional growing. I do not use it myself. For the plant tower I prefer foam cubes: they are pH neutral, clean and need no preparation apart from a quick rinse. If you use rockwool anyway, measure the pH value more often in the first days after planting.
Used in professional growing. I do not use it. Untreated it can raise the pH value, so rinse it thoroughly first.
Seed plugs
Also work, but can crumble in the system.
Clay pebbles
Wash well first, otherwise they change the water values. They tend to roll out when you move plants.
⭕Support rings instead of neoprene collars: 3D-printed holders without substrate
Neoprene collars are a popular and efficient aid in hydroponics, especially in systems that work without substrate. They offer many advantages, mainly because they are easy to handle and hold plants stable and secure.
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Simple to handle
Neoprene collars are user-friendly and need no special knowledge or skills.
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Stability
They hold the plants stable without any substrate, which is a particular advantage in aeroponic and NFT systems.
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Reusable
They can be reused after thorough cleaning, which makes them cost-effective.
Instead of foam neoprene collars, I use my own support rings from the 3D printer. They do the same job and fit my net pots exactly.
Support rings for heavy plants
For heavy plants such as kohlrabi, strawberries, tomatoes and cucumbers I use my support rings. They cover the pot against light, so fewer algae form. They are thin, adapt to the stem and can be opened at the predetermined breaking point to insert the stem from the side. They also hold plants you have freed from soil. With strawberries, the crown stays above the ring.
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Support ring with slit
For heavy vegetable plants, a precise fit for the 5 cm net pot from my shop.
You can also put plants from the garden centre into the tower. Rinse off the soil thoroughly with the spray jet and put the plant into the net pot with a support ring or clay pebbles. At the start I let the pump run longer until water roots have formed.
🏁Conclusion
The perfect combination in the plant tower for successful plant growth
For successful hydroponic growing in a plant tower, the choice of growing medium is decisive. Foam and net pots offer an optimal combination of stability, aeration and easy care. Coco fibre and perlite complement the system for an even water supply and root aeration.
With these materials you create ideal conditions for your plants, entirely without soil. Start your hydroponics project in the plant tower and look forward to healthy, fresh harvests straight from your own hydroponic garden!
My way is simple: start seedlings in foam cubes, tomatoes and peppers preferably in coco, move them into the net pot and secure heavy plants with a support ring. Loose substrate never goes into my tower.
For most plants, foam cubes. They are clean, pH neutral and do not crumble. For tomatoes and peppers I like to use coco to start them.
Can I use soil in a hydroponic tower?
No. Soil clogs the pump and lines, compacts and can bring in pests.
Do I need to rinse foam cubes before use?
Yes. I rinse the mat in hot water and then rinse it cold.
How deep do I stand the cubes in water?
Only about one third deep. Otherwise the seeds get too little air.
Is rockwool good for beginners?
It works, but untreated rockwool can raise the pH value. I do not use it and recommend foam cubes.
Why do you use coco for tomatoes?
Because coco rinses off easily and the tomatoes form strong roots in it. At 6 to 7 centimetres I rinse them off and transplant them.
What do I need net pots for?
They hold the cube and plant in the propagation station and in the tower. The roots grow through the mesh into the water.
Clay pebbles or support ring?
Clay pebbles must be washed thoroughly and roll out when you move plants. Support rings hold heavy plants securely and cover the pot against light.
Can I move plants from soil into the tower?
Yes. Rinse off the soil thoroughly, put the plant into the net pot with a support ring or clay pebbles and let the pump run longer at the start.
When do I lower the water in the propagation station?
When 2 to 3 centimetres of roots stick out of the bottom of the cube. After that, leave about 1 centimetre of air.
What properties does a good growing medium need?
Good drainage, plenty of air at the roots, a firm hold for the plant, and it must not change the nutrient solution. It is a bonus if it can be used several times.
Does coco bring nutrients for the plant?
Hardly. In hydroponics all nutrients come from the nutrient solution. Unbuffered coco can even bind calcium and magnesium, so use buffered coco and rinse it well.
What is perlite good for?
Perlite loosens other materials such as coco and provides air and drainage. It does not belong loose in the tower, because it floats and can be washed out.
What are EasyPlugs?
Small seed plugs that store water well and fit into the net pot. They work, but can crumble a little in the system.
How do I prepare rockwool?
Rinse thoroughly and soak in water with a pH of about 5.5, because untreated rockwool can raise the pH value. Wear gloves and a mask when cutting it.
What is the difference between a neoprene collar and a support ring?
A neoprene collar is a foam collar that holds the stem without substrate. My support rings are thin, flexible and 3D printed, have a predetermined breaking point for inserting the stem from the side and cover the pot against light.
Can I reuse net pots?
Yes. After harvest remove root remains, clean the pots and use them again.
What goes into your plant tower?
No loose substrate. The plant sits in the foam cube or with a support ring in the net pot, and the roots grow straight into the water.
Continue with your own growing
From my shop
Everything for your soil-free start
HydroFlex Tower for indoors and outdoors, seedling box, seedling station, support rings and my own nutrient. After you buy, I’ll help you on WhatsApp.
Seedling and leaf nutrient from one bottle, with calcium and magnesium, made for soft water. For all plants from sowing to the growth phase, leafy plants until harvest.